Manajemen Rantai Suplai

Manajemen Rantai Suplai

(Supply Chain Management)

A.    Latar Belakang

Pelaku industri mulai sadar bahwa untuk menyediakan produk yang murah, berkualitas dan cepat, perbaikan di internal perusahaan manufaktur adalah tidak cukup. Peran serta supplier, perusahaan transportasi dan jaringan distributor adalah dibutuhkan.Kesadaran akan adanya produk yang murah, cepat dan berkualitas inilah yang melahirkan konsep baru tahun 1990-an yaitu Supply Chain Manajement ( SCM )

B.     Pengertian

·         Supply Chain

Rantai suplai atau supply chain adalah jaringan perusahaan-perusahaan yang secara bersama-sama bekerja untuk menciptakan dan menghantarkan suatu produk ke tangan pemakai akhir. Perusahaan-perusahaan tersebut termasuk supplier, pabrik, distributor, toko atau ritel, serta perusahaan pendukung seperti jasa logistik.

·         Supply Chain Management

Rantai suplai manajemen (supply chain management) adalah metode, alat atau pendekatan pengelolaannya. Namun perlu ditekankan bahwa SCM menghendaki pendekatan atau metode yang terintegrasi dengan dasar semangat kolaborasi.

Menurut Kalakota (2000, h198) Manajemen Rantai Suplai adalah koordinasi dari bahan, informasi dan arus keuangan antara perusahaan yang berpartisipasi. Manajemen rantai suplai bisa juga berarti seluruh jenis kegiatan komoditas dasar hingga penjualan produk akhir ke konsumen untuk mendaur ulang produk yang sudah dipakai.

SEVEN BASIC TOOLS OF QUALITY

SEVEN BASIC TOOLS OF QUALITY

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Seven Basic Tools of Quality is a designation given to a fixed set of graphical techniques identified as being most helpful in troubleshooting issues related to quality.^[1] They are called basic because they are suitable for people with little formal training in statistics and because they can be used to solve the vast majority of quality-related issues.^[2]

The seven tools are:^[3][4][5]

• Cause-and-effect diagram (also known as the "fishbone" or Ishikawa diagram)
• Check sheet
• Control chart
• Histogram
• Pareto chart
• Scatter diagram
• Stratification (alternately, flow chart or run chart)

The designation arose in postwar Japan, inspired by the seven famous weapons of Benkei.^[6] It was possibly introduced by Kaoru Ishikawa who in turn was influenced by a series of lectures W. Edwards Deming had given to Japanese engineers and scientists in 1950.^[7] At that time, companies that had set about training their workforces in statistical quality control found that the complexity of the subject intimidated the vast majority of their workers and scaled back training to focus primarily on simpler methods which suffice for most quality-related issues.^[8]

The Seven Basic Tools stand in contrast to more advanced statistical methods such as survey sampling, acceptance sampling, statistical hypothesis testing, design of experiments, multivariate analysis, and various methods developed in the field of operations research.^[9]

SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

SOURCE : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_chain_management

SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

Supply chain management (SCM) is the management of an interconnected or interlinked between network, channel and node businesses involved in the provision of product and service packages required by the end customers in a supply chain.^[2] Supply chain management spans the movement and storage of raw materials, work-in-process inventory, and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption. It is also defined as the "design, planning, execution, control, and monitoring of supply chain activities with the objective of creating net value, building a competitive infrastructure, leveraging worldwide logistics, synchronizing supply with demand and measuring performance globally."^[3]

SCM draws heavily from the areas of operations management, logistics, procurement, and information technology, and strives for an integrated approach.^[4]

HUMAN RESOURCES

HUMAN RESOURCES

Human resources is one of the most important production factor in a company, it is they who determine the reciprocation of a company, by having a skilled workforce and highly motivated, the company has had a very expensive asset, which is difficult to assess with money. Therefore companies need to conduct a planning and management of employee well against existing and forthcoming for employees.

Compared with other factors of production, labor factor is the most unique and specific so because human beings have attitudes and feelings, have a reason and have personal goals, if the management company is able to manage it well, ties into optimally motivated workforce will have high morale so that productivity is also better that will eventually reach
as expected target company's management.

ALIGNMENT INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND INNOVATION STRATEGY

ALIGNMENT INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND INNOVATION STRATEGY

Definition of Intellectual Capital
To be able to utilize the intellectual capital companies need to understand whether the intellectual capital. The idea or notion of intellectual capital began in the mid-1980s as indicated by a shift from production-based to service-based economy to knowledg.

There are several definitions of intellectual capital, namely:
According to Stewart (1997) defines intellectual capital as the intellectual material of knowledge, information, intellectual property, experience yangt used to create prosperity.

Mouritsen (1998) defines intellectual capital as a specialized processing technology to calculate the company's prospects in the future.

SALES INFORMATION SYSTEM

SALES INFORMAT ION SYSTEM

Information systems
Is a series of formal procedures by which data are collected, processed into information and distributed to the users. (Hall.2001: 7)

Sale
According to Henry Simamora in the book "Accounting for Decision Making Business Base" states that:
"Sales are prevalent in corporate revenues and a gross amount charged to customers for goods and services".

Sales Information System
Is sub. business information system that includes a set of procedures that perform, record, calculate, create documents and sales information for management purposes and other interested parts, starting from receipt of sales order to record the onset of bills / accounts receivable.